Turkey’s Stance on Syria’s Territorial Integrity
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan reaffirmed his country’s support for Syria’s territorial integrity during a speech on Monday, following his cabinet’s inaugural meeting of 2025. Erdoğan emphasized Turkey’s commitment to preventing further destabilization in the region, stating, “With the epic revolution that took place in our neighbor Syria, a new era has begun both in this country and in our region.”
The Turkish leader reiterated that Ankara remains vigilant against potential threats, particularly in areas near its borders. “If we see a risk in this regard, we will take the necessary steps swiftly,” Erdoğan warned, underscoring Turkey’s readiness to act decisively when its national security is at stake.
Israeli Airstrikes Add Complexity
Erdoğan’s comments come amid increased Israeli airstrikes targeting weapons depots and military infrastructure in Syria. Israel, which has conducted numerous airstrikes in Syria since the outbreak of the civil war in 2011, claims these operations target Iranian-backed groups that supported Syria’s ousted president, Bashar al-Assad.
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While Israel rarely acknowledges these strikes, their frequency highlights the growing regional tensions and the challenges facing Syria’s territorial integrity.
Turkey’s Campaign Against the PKK
A significant portion of Erdoğan’s address focused on Turkey’s ongoing campaign against the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) and its affiliates, including the Kurdish People’s Defense Units (YPG) in northern Syria. “The circle is closing for the separatist organization and its extension,” Erdoğan declared, signaling intensified efforts to dismantle Kurdish militant groups.
Turkey considers the PKK a terrorist organization and views the YPG, a key component of the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), as an extension of the PKK. Ankara regularly conducts military operations in northern Syria and Iraq to counter these groups, which it accuses of orchestrating attacks against Turkey.
Erdoğan pledged to achieve a “terror-free Turkey” through peaceful means if possible, but hinted at the potential use of force, referencing proposals from ultranationalist factions to release PKK leader Abdullah Öcalan in exchange for the group’s complete disbandment.
The Complex Role of the SDF
During Syria’s prolonged conflict, the Kurdish-dominated SDF established a semi-autonomous enclave in northeastern Syria. Although the SDF has not fully aligned with either the Damascus regime or the rebels opposing it, Ankara views the group’s presence as a direct threat to Turkish sovereignty.
Even with the fall of the al-Assad regime, Turkey’s stance toward the SDF remains unchanged. This was evident during Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan’s recent visit to Syria, where he reaffirmed Ankara’s opposition to Kurdish-led groups during talks with Ahmad al-Sharaa, the new de facto leader of Hay’at Tahrir al-Sham.
Toward a Stabilized Syria
Erdoğan’s speech underscored Turkey’s dual priorities in the region: safeguarding its national security and supporting Syria’s sovereignty. As the geopolitical landscape in Syria continues to evolve, Turkey’s actions will remain pivotal in shaping the region’s stability and the prospects for peace.